Retraction: Signal Transduction System of Experimentally Induced Cholesteatoma in the Mongolian Gerbil / 대한이비인후과학회지

No abstract available.

The Effect on Voice by Strap Muscle Cutting in Thyroidectomy / 대한내분비외과학회지

PURPOSE: Voice change after thyroidectomy has generally been the result of damage to the recurrent or superior laryngeal nerve. But many patients complain voice alteration without laryngeal nerve injury after thyroidectomy. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether strap muscle division results in any subjective or objective functional sequelae in voice, through long-term follow-up prospectively. METHODS: Twenty-two female patients who had undergone thyroid surgery between July 1998 and December 1999, were studied. The patients who were planned for neck dissection, who had benign laryngeal disease or vocal cord paresis, and whose vocal cord paresis were developed after thyroid surgery, were excluded from this study. Twelve patients had undergone thyroidectomy via retraction of strap muscle and ten patients had undergone thyroidectomy via cutting of strap muscle. For evaluation of voice, questionnaires for changes of voice, acoustics (fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, signal to noise ratio, noise to harmonic ratio, voice range), and aerodynamic (maximal phonation time) analyses were done. RESULTS: The subjective voice symptoms after thyroidectomy were disturbances of high pitch, singing, loud voice, and easy fatigue at phonation. There were no significant differences in voice parameters on acoustic and aerodynamic analyses between the strap muscle retraction group and the cutting group through long-term follow-up. CONCLUSION: We conclude that strap muscle division does not result in any subjective or objective functional problems in voice. We suggest that surgical division and reconstruction of these muscles should be employed routinely when operating on large, toxic or neoplastic glands.

A Case of Localized Amyloidosis of Tonsil / 대한이비인후과학회지

The term "amyloidosis" is a disease characterized by deposition of altered proteins in the tissue. The amyloid deposit occurs always in the extracellular matrix and presents a fibrillary conformation. Primary localized tonsillar amyloidosis is a very rare disease of unknown cause that occurs in the absence of systemic involvement of amyloidosis or associated chronic inflammatory diseases. We present a case of primary localized amyloidosis in the left tonsil. Histopathologic examination of the mass revealed findings consistent with amyloidosis, which were stained with Congo Red and apple green birefringence under the polarized light fluorescence microscopy. An extensive workup for systemic involvement of amyloidosis was negative and the patient underwent tonsillectomy. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. At present, the patient has no evidence of disease or recurrence.

Signal Transduction System of Experimentally Induced Cholesteatoma in the Mongolian Gerbil / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hyperproliferative character of the cholesteatoma in the middle ear seems to be related to epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. The proliferation of cells, their differentiation and organization in specialized tissues and the expression of their differentiated properties are under control of a large number of regulatory processes and complex interactions called signal transduction. PLC-gamma1 is a substrate of protein kinase located in EGFR, PDGFR-alpha and -beta and signal transduction through PLC-gamma1 participates in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. This study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of PLC-gamma1, EGFR and PDGFR in experimentally induced cholesteatoma, deep meatal skin and retroauricular skin of Mongolian gerbil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using Western blotting and immunohistochemical techniques, we investigated the reaction patterns of antibody to PLC-gamma1, EGFR, PDGFR-alpha and PDGFR-beta as a proliferation and differentiation marker in the experimentally induced cholesteatoma matrices of Mongolian gerbil. For the control, same study was performed with deep meatal skin and retrosuricular skin. RESULTS: By Western blotting, considerably higher levels of PLC-gamma1, EGFR protein were detectable in cholesteatoma compared with control, however, PDGFR-alpha and -beta were not detected in cholesteatoma The immunostaining intensity of PLC-gamma1 and EGFR at suprabasal cell layer and basal cell layer were intense in cholesteatoma than in control. PDGFR-alpha and -beta were not detected in both cholestatoma and control. CONCLUSION: Over-expression of PLC-gamma1 and EGFR in induced cholesteatomas may contribute abnormal proliferation and differentiation of their epithelial cell. Authors suggest that induced cholesteatoma in Mongolian gerbils can be a good model of signal transduction study for cholesteatoma.